Arthritis, a prevalent condition characterized by joint pain and inflammation, affects millions worldwide. While conventional treatments offer relief, many individuals seek complementary therapies like supplements and herbs to manage their symptoms.
Understanding Arthritis and the Role of Supplements
Arthritis is not a single disease but an umbrella term encompassing over 100 different conditions that affect the joints. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two of the most common types. OA is a degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage, while RA is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints.
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Supplements and herbs are often considered as adjunct therapies to conventional medical treatments for arthritis. They may help reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness, potentially improving joint function and overall quality of life. However, it’s crucial to approach these remedies with caution and base decisions on scientific evidence.
1. Avocado Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU)
ASU is a natural vegetable extract derived from avocado and soybean oils. It is believed to slow the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). ASU blocks pro-inflammatory chemicals, prevents the deterioration of synovial cells, and may aid in regenerating normal connective tissue.
A systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) for osteoarthritis (OA) based on four high-quality randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials. Studies included OA patients of the knee and hip, with ASU doses of 300 mg/day (one trial tested 600 mg/day). Three trials reported symptomatic improvement, while the only long-term study had negative results. ASU shows promise for OA symptom relief, but further research is needed.
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2. Devil’s Claw
Harpagophytum procumbens, also known as Devil’s Claw Root, is a traditional herb from South Africa. It alleviates pain and inflammation and may lower uric acid levels in people with gout and act as a digestive aid and appetite stimulant. Harpagoside, the active ingredient, reduces pain and inflammation in joints.
This review assessed the efficacy and safety of Devil’s Claw for osteoarthritis (OA), analyzing 14 clinical trials (8 observational, 2 comparator, and 4 double-blind, placebo-controlled trials). While higher-quality studies suggest pain reduction benefits, many trials had methodological limitations. Safety data is limited, but Devil’s Claw appears to have a lower risk than NSAIDs. More rigorous, long-term trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.
3. MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)
MSM is an organic sulfur compound found naturally in fruits, vegetables, grains, animals, and humans. It reduces pain and inflammation. Sulfur is needed to form connective tissue. MSM also acts as an analgesic by lessening nerve impulses that transmit pain.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) for knee osteoarthritis (OA) in 50 adults (40-76 years old) over 12 weeks (6g/day MSM). MSM significantly reduced pain and improved physical function, but showed no effect on stiffness. No major adverse events were reported. While MSM shows potential for OA management, long-term efficacy and safety require further investigation.
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4. Pine Bark
Pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) is extracted from the bark of the French maritime pine tree. Pycnogenol contains procyanidin, a powerful antioxidant, and inhibits pro-inflammatory enzymes, including COX 1 and COX 2.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of Pycnogenol (150 mg/day for 3 months) on knee osteoarthritis (OA) stages I & II in 100 patients. Pycnogenol significantly improved WOMAC scores (p < 0.05) and reduced pain intensity (p < 0.04), whereas the placebo had no effect. Patients using Pycnogenol reduced analgesic use, while those on placebo increased it. The extract was well tolerated, supporting its potential as a natural alternative to NSAIDs.
Note: WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) is a widely used clinical assessment tool for evaluating the severity of osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee and hip.
5. Rose Hips
Rose hips are the seed pods of roses (Rosa canina). Rose hips powder is a rich source of vitamin C and decreases inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory proteins and enzymes, including COX-1 and COX-2.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of standardized rose-hip powder on hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) in 100 patients over 4 months. The treatment group showed significant improvement in hip mobility and pain reduction compared to placebo. 64.6% of patients reported pain relief. The extract was well tolerated, suggesting potential benefits for OA management, though long-term studies are needed.
6. Turmeric
Turmeric has gained fame in managing pain from osteoarthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of low- and high-dose curcuminoids in knee osteoarthritis (OA) using data from 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1,258 participants. Results showed curcuminoids significantly reduced pain (VAS and WOMAC scores) compared to placebo and were more effective than NSAIDs, with fewer adverse events. No significant differences were observed between low- and high-dose curcuminoids.
The study highlights curcuminoids as a potential adjunct treatment for knee OA. However, heterogeneity and short-term study durations suggest the need for further high-quality, long-term trials to confirm these findings.
Considerations and Precautions
While supplements and herbs can be a valuable addition to arthritis management, it is important to approach them with realistic expectations and caution. It is essential to discuss the use of supplements and herbs with a healthcare professional to ensure they are safe and appropriate for individual circumstances.
Supplements and herbs offer a complementary approach to managing arthritis symptoms. However, it is critical to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement or herbal regimen to ensure safety and avoid potential interactions. These natural remedies should be viewed as part of an overall approach to arthritis management, including prescribed medications, a balanced diet, and regular exercise. Share
Disclaimer: The Statement has not been evaluated by the EFSA, KFDA or FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. While the information provided is based on credible references, we do not make any specific claims or guarantees. It is important to consult with your healthcare advisor for personalized advice and guidance related to your health.
Reference:
- Avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) for osteoarthritis – a systematic review
- Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) as a treatment for osteoarthritis: a review of efficacy and safety
- Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis
- The Effects of a Standardized Herbal Remedy Made from a Subtype of Rosa canina in Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
- The efficacy of high- and low-dose curcumin in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Herbal Remedies, Supplements & Acupuncture for Arthritis
- 9 Herbs for Arthritis Pain Relief at Home
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