I-Nattokinase iyi-enzyme yemvelo ekhishwe ku-natto, ukudla kwendabuko kwaseJapane okwenziwe ngokubilisa ubhontshisi nge-Bacillus subtilis natto. Ithole isithakazelo sesayensi ngenxa yendima yayo engaba khona ekusekeleni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukugeleza kwegazi okunempilo, kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi okuvamile. I-Nattokinase yaziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wayo we-fibrinolytic, okusho ukuthi ingasiza ekusekeleni inqubo yemvelo yomzimba yokuphula i-fibrin, iphrotheni ehilelekile ekwakhekeni kwamahlule egazi.
Ngokungafani nezithako eziningi zezitshalo, i-nattokinase iyisithako esisebenzayo esisekelwe kuma-enzyme. Ihlolisiswe ngemiphumela yayo engaba khona ekucindezelweni kwegazi, ekuqineni kwegazi, ezimpawini ezihlobene nokuqhekeka kwegazi, ekugayweni kwamafutha emzimbeni, kanye nempilo yemithambo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi obutholakalayo busathuthuka, futhi imiphumela iyahlukahluka kuye ngomthamo, ukwakheka kocwaningo, inani labantu, kanye nobude besikhathi. Ngezansi kunezinzuzo eziningana ezingaba khona zezempilo ze-nattokinase ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi.
1. Isekela Ukugeleza Kwegazi Okunempilo kanye Nomsebenzi We-Fibrinolytic
I-Nattokinase ingase isekele ukujikeleza kwegazi okunempilo ngokusiza umzimba ukuthi ugcine ibhalansi evamile ye-fibrin kanye nezinqubo zemvelo zokwaphuka kwamahlwili.
Ekubuyekezweni okunesihloko esithi Nattokinase: I-Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, abacwaningi bachaze i-nattokinase njenge-enzyme ye-fibrinolytic enezakhiwo ezingase zisekele inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kubuyekezwa kuchaza ukuthi i-nattokinase ingasiza ekubhidlizeni i-fibrin ngqo futhi ingase futhi isekele uhlelo lomzimba lwe-fibrinolytic ngokuthonya i-plasmin nezinye izindlela ezihlobene nokuqhekeka kwegazi. Lezi zindlela zisikisela ukuthi i-nattokinase ingadlala indima ekusekeleni ukugeleza kwegazi okunempilo kanye nokusebenza kwemithambo yegazi (I-Weng et al., 2017).
Okunye ukubuyekezwa, i-Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, kuxoxwe nge-nattokinase njengenye yezingxenye ezisebenzayo kakhulu ze-natto. Ababhali baqokomise imiphumela yayo engaba khona ku-fibrinolysis, umfutho wegazi, i-lipid metabolism, kanye nezimpawu ezihlobene ne-atherosclerosis. Kodwa-ke, baphawule nokuthi kudingeka izifundo ezengeziwe zabantu ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwayo emtholampilo, umthamo ofanele, kanye nokuphepha kwesikhathi eside kubantu abahlukahlukene (Chen et al., 2018).
2. Kungasiza Ukugcina Umfutho Wegazi Uphilile
I-Nattokinase iye yacwaningwa ngendima yayo engaba khona ekusekeleni umfutho wegazi ojwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinga eliphezulu lomfutho wegazi.
Esivivinyweni esingahleliwe, esingaboni kabili, esilawulwa yi-placebo, abacwaningi bafunde abantu abadala abangu-86 abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya kwengu-80 abanengcindezi yegazi ye-systolic engalashwanga ephakathi kuka-130 no-159 mmHg. Abahlanganyeli bathole i-nattokinase ku-2,000 FU ngosuku noma i-placebo amasonto angu-8. Abahlanganyeli abangamashumi ayisikhombisa nantathu baqedele ucwaningo. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo, i-nattokinase yayihlotshaniswa nokwehla kwengcindezi yegazi ye-systolic kanye ne-diastolic, kanye nezinguquko eziphelele ezingaba ngu--5.55 mmHg kanye no--2.84 mmHg, ngokulandelana. Ucwaningo luphinde lwabona ukwehla komsebenzi we-plasma renin, okuphakamisa indlela engenzeka ehlobene nokulawulwa kwengcindezi yegazi (Kim et al., 2008).
Kolunye ucwaningo lwaseNyakatho Melika olungahleliwe, olungaboni kabili, olulawulwa yi-placebo, ababambiqhaza abangu-79 abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme badle i-nattokinase engu-100 mg nsuku zonke noma i-placebo amasonto ayi-8. Ucwaningo luhlole izimpawu zomfutho wegazi kanye nezingozi zenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa ne-von Willebrand factor. Okutholakele kusikisele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-nattokinase kuhlotshaniswa nokwehla komfutho wegazi kanye nokwehla kwe-von Willebrand factor, uphawu oluhlobene nempilo yemithambo yegazi kanye nomsebenzi wokujiya kwegazi (UJensen et al., 2016).
Lezi zifundo zisikisela ukuthi i-nattokinase ingase isekele ibhalansi yomfutho wegazi emaqenjini athile. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ibhekwe njengokufaka esikhundleni semithi enqunyiwe yokunciphisa umfutho wegazi noma ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
3. Kungase kusekele ibhalansi yobungozi benhliziyo nemithambo yegazi
I-Nattokinase ingasiza ekusekeleni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngokuthonya izimpawu ezikhethiwe ezihlobene nokujiya kwegazi, ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ucwaningo lukaJensen et al. (2016) lubaluleke kakhulu ngoba aluzange luhlole umfutho wegazi kuphela kodwa futhi lulinganise ne-von Willebrand factor kanye ne-platelet factor-4. I-Von Willebrand factor ihilelekile ekunamatheleni kwe-platelet kanye nokwakheka kwe-clot. Ukunciphisa lolu phawu kungase kusikisele umphumela wokusekela ebhalansini yemithambo yegazi kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi i-nattokinase ivimbela izehlakalo zenhliziyo, njengoba kudingeka izivivinyo zemitholampilo ezinkulu nezinde ukuqinisekisa imiphumela enjalo (UJensen et al., 2016).
Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kuka-2023 kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-meta okunesihloko esithi i-Nattokinase Supplementation kanye ne-Cardiovascular Risk Factors kuhlolwe izivivinyo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe kuma-nattokinase kanye nama-cardiovascular markers. Ukubuyekezwa kuthole ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-nattokinase kuhlotshaniswa nokwehla okuncane komfutho wegazi we-systolic kanye ne-diastolic. Kodwa-ke, ababhali baphawule nokuthi ubufakazi bezinye izimpawu, okuhlanganisa imiphumela ye-lipid kanye ne-coagulation, bebungaguquguquki kangako ezifundweni (Li et al., 2023).
Sekukonke, i-nattokinase ingase isekele izimpawu zenhliziyo ezikhethiwe, kodwa imiphumela yayo ibonakala incike kubantu abacwaningwayo, umthamo, ukulinganisa komkhiqizo, kanye nobude bokusetshenziswa.
4. Kungasiza Ukusekela Ukwakheka Kwamafutha kanye Nempilo Yemithambo
Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi i-nattokinase ingase isekele ukwakheka kwamafutha kanye nempilo yemithambo yegazi, kodwa ubufakazi abuhambisani ngokuphelele.
Esifundweni somtholampilo nge-atherosclerosis yemithambo ye-carotid kanye ne-hyperlipidemia, kuhlolwe ukwengeza i-nattokinase ngomphumela wayo ekujiyeni kwe-carotid intima-media, usayizi we-plaque, kanye nephrofayili ye-lipid. Okutholakele kusikisele ukuthi i-nattokinase inganciphisa izilinganiso ezihlobene ne-plaque futhi ithuthukise izimpawu ezithile ze-lipid kubahlanganyeli abane-atherosclerosis kanye ne-lipids ephakeme (Ren et al., 2017).
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luhlole umthamo ophezulu wansuku zonke we-nattokinase, i-10,800 FU ngosuku, maqondana nokuqhubeka kwe-atherosclerosis kanye ne-hyperlipidemia. Abacwaningi babike ukuthi lo mthamo uhlotshaniswa nokuthuthuka kwephrofayili yamafutha kanye nezilinganiso ezihlobene ne-atherosclerosis. Kodwa-ke, okutholakele komthamo ophezulu akufanele kuhlanganiswe kuyo yonke imikhiqizo ye-nattokinase noma imithamo ejwayelekile yezithasiselo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela (Chen et al., 2022).
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akuzona zonke izifundo ezibonise imiphumela emihle. I-Nattokinase Atherothrombotic Prevention Study, isilingo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe kubantu abanempilo abasengozini ephansi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ithole ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-nattokinase akuzange kuthinte kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwe-atherosclerosis engaphansi kwe-clinical, umfutho wegazi, noma izimpawu zelebhu ngemuva kwesikhathi esimaphakathi sokwelashwa seminyaka emi-3 (UHodis nabanye, 2021).
Lokhu kungafani kukhombisa ukuthi i-nattokinase ingaba wusizo kakhulu kubantu abakhethiwe, ikakhulukazi labo abanezici ezithile eziyingozi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kunabantu abanempilo abasengozini encane.
5. Ingase Inikeze Ukusekelwa Njengengxenye Yendlela Yokuphila Kahle Kwe-Cardiometabolic
I-Nattokinase ngezinye izikhathi ifundwa kanye nezinye izithako ezisebenzayo, ikakhulukazi ocwaningweni lwezempilo lwe-cardiometabolic.
Esivivinyweni sika-2024 esingahleliwe, esingaboni kabili, esilawulwa yi-placebo, abacwaningi bafunde i-nattokinase ehlanganiswe nelayisi lemvubelo ebomvu ezigulini ezinesifo semithambo yenhliziyo esizinzile. Ucwaningo luhlole imiphumela yokwehlisa amafutha, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, kanye neyokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwegazi. Imiphumela iphakamise ukuthi inhlanganisela ingathuthukisa imingcele ethile ye-cardiometabolic, nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu kwakuyisifundo esihlanganisiwe. Ngakho-ke, izinzuzo azikwazi ukuhlotshaniswa ne-nattokinase yodwa (Liu et al., 2024).
Lolu hlobo locwaningo lubalulekile ngoba impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ithonywa yizici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukudla, umsebenzi womzimba, amazinga amafutha, umfutho wegazi, ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, kanye nezakhi zofuzo. I-Nattokinase ingangena esulweni elibanzi lempilo, kodwa kufanele ibekwe njengesithako esisekelayo kunokuba ibe yisisombululo esizimele.
6. Ngokuvamile Kubekezelelwa Kahle, Kodwa Kudingeka Ukunakekelwa
Kubonakala sengathi i-Nattokinase ivame ukubekezelelwa kahle ezifundweni eziningana zabantu, kodwa idinga ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngendlela efanele ngenxa yomphumela wayo ongaba khona ezindleleni zokujiya kwegazi.
Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lwangempela luhlole i-nattokinase ku-100 mg ngosuku ezigulini ezamukelwe ekuhlinzweni kwemithambo yegazi. Abacwaningi babike ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa kwe-nattokinase kulesi simo kuphephile, yize ukubhekwa komuntu ngamunye kwezokwelapha kusabalulekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abathatha imithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi noma imithi yokuvimbela ama-platelet (UGalelli nabanye, 2021).
Njengoba i-nattokinase ingathinta i-fibrinolysis kanye nezimpawu ezihlobene nokuqhekeka kwegazi, ingase ingafaneleki kuwo wonke umuntu. Abantu abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, i-aspirin, imithi yokunciphisa ukugabha kwegazi, noma imithi yokunciphisa ama-platelet, kanye nalabo abanezinkinga zokopha, ukuhlinzwa okuzayo, ukukhulelwa, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezingathi sína, kufanele bafune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-nattokinase.
I-Nattokinase iyi-enzyme ehlukile etholakala kubhontshisi wesoya obilisiwe futhi yaziwa kakhulu ngendima yayo engaba khona ekusekeleni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Izindawo zayo eziqine kakhulu zocwaningo zifaka:
- Ukusekelwa kokugeleza kwegazi okunempilo
- Umsebenzi we-Fibrinolytic
- Ibhalansi yomfutho wegazi
- Ukusekelwa komaka wemithambo yegazi
- I-metabolism ye-lipid kanye nempilo yemithambo yegazi kubantu abakhethiwe
Ucwaningo olutholakalayo luyathembisa, kodwa aluhambisani ngokuphelele. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthuthuka okubalulekile ekucindezelweni kwegazi, umsebenzi we-fibrinolytic, kanye nezimpawu zenhliziyo, kanti ezinye zibonisa umphumela olinganiselwe noma ongenawo nhlobo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanempilo abasengozini encane. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi i-nattokinase ingasebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngesimo sempilo somuntu ngamunye, umthamo, ubude besikhathi, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
I-Nattokinase kufanele ibhekwe njengesithako esisebenzayo esisekelayo kunokuba ibe ukwelashwa noma ikhambi. Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, ingaba isengezo esiwusizo ekwakhiweni kwempilo yenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi leyo egxile ekujikelezeni kwegazi, ukuguga okunempilo, kanye nokulinganisela kwe-metabolic.
Disclaimer: Lesi sitatimende asikahlolwa yi-EFSA, i-KFDA noma i-FDA. Lo mkhiqizo awuhloselwe ukuxilonga, ukwelapha, ukwelapha, noma ukuvimbela noma yisiphi isifo. Nakuba ulwazi olunikeziwe lusekelwe ezinkombeni ezithembekile, asenzi noma yiziphi izimangalo noma iziqinisekiso ezithile. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nomeluleki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko nesiqondiso esiqondene nawe esiphathelene nempilo yakho.
Okubhekwayo
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